Sunday 9 August 2015

History of Bihar



Bihar, the ancient land of Buddha, has witnessed golden period of Indian history  The fertile land of Bihar has a rich and very ancient history which even goes back to the very dawn of the human civilizations. Throughout the ages and civilizations it’s the land which gave birth to many great men who spread the massages of love, peace, brotherhood and humanity throughout the length and breadth of the globe. The earliest history of Bihar region can be traced in Hindu epic of Ramayana. Sita, the consort of Lord Rama, was a princess of Bihar. She was the daughter of King Janak of Videha. The present districts of Muzaffarpur, Sitamarhi, Samastipur, Madhubani, and Darbhanga, in north-central Bihar, mark this ancient kingdom. The present small township of Sitamarhi is located here. According to legend, the birthplace of Sita is Punaura, located on the west-side of Sitamarhi, the headquarters of the district. Janakpur, the capital of King Janak, and the place where Lord Rama and Sita were married, lies just across the border in Nepal. It is reached via the rail station of Janakapur Road located in the Sitamarhi district, on the Narkatiyaganj - Darbhanga section of the North-Eastern Railway. It is no accident, therefore, that the original author of the Hindu epic - The Ramayana - Maharishi Valmiki - lived in Ancient Bihar. Valmikinagar is a small town and a railroad station in the district of West Champaran, close to the railhead of Narkatiyaganj in northwest Bihar. The word Champaran is derived from champa-arnya, or a forest of the fragrant Champa (magnolia) tree.
Different regions of Bihar like Mithila, Anga, Magadha, Vaishali, are mentioned in different religious and epics of ancient India. South-West Bihar  was the power centre of ancient Bihar, which was around the region of called Magadha .It was  which was the centre of power, learning, and culture in India for 1000 years.

The Haryanka dynasty was founded in 684 BC ruled by Magadha from the city of Rajgriha (modern name is Rajgir), There was two well known kings  Bimbisara and his son Ajatashatru who imprisoned his own father to get the throne. Pataliputra  was founded by Ajatashatru which was the city.Then  later became the capital of Magadha. He declared war and conquered Vajji another powerful Mahajanapada north of Ganges with their capital at Vaishali. Vaishali was ruled by Licchvi who had a republic form of government where king was elected from the number of rajas. Based on the information found in pertaining to both Jainism and Buddhism, Vaishali was established as a republic by the 6th century BCE, prior to the birth of Gautama Buddha in 563 BCE, making it the world's first republic. Haryanka Dynasty was followed by Shishunaga dynasty and later Nanda Dynasty replaced them with a vast empire from Bengal to Punjab.
                Maurya Empire replaced the Nanda Empire . India's first empire, the Maurya empire as well as Buddhism arose from the region that now makes up modern Bihar. The Mauryan empire, which originated from Magadha in 325 BC, was started by Chandragupta Maurya who was born in Magadha, and had its capital at Pataliputra (modern name is Patna). The Mauryan Emperor, Ashoka, who was born in Pataliputra (Patna) is believed to be one of the greatest rulers in the history of India and the world. Pataliputra  is situated on the bank of the holy river Ganga
Bihar was  an important place of culture and education during the next 1000 years. Such fertile is the soil that has given birth to innumerous intellectuals which spread the light of knowledge and wisdom not only in the country but in the whole world. The Gupta Empire which was  originated from Magadha in 240 AD is referred as the Golden Age of India in science, mathematics, astronomy, commerce, religion and Indian philosophy. Bihar and Bengal was invaded by Rajendra Chola  of the Chola dynasty in the 11th century.

Tuesday 4 August 2015

Etymology of Bihar



The name Bihar is coined from the Sanskrit and Pali word, Vihara (Devanagari: विहार), which means "abode" or “Buddhist Monasteries”. The region roughly encompassing the present state was dotted with Buddhist vihara, the abodes of Buddhist monks in the ancient and medieval periods. Medieval writer Minhaj al-Siraj Juzjani records in the Tabakat-i-Nasiri that in 1198 AD, Bakhtiyar Khalji committed a massacre in a town now known as Bihar Sharif, about 70 km away from Bodh Gaya.Later, Bakhtiyar learned that the town was a college, and the word for college is bihar.

Sunday 2 August 2015

About Bihar




It’s my first blog about Incredible Bihar and I think everyone like this blog and share your thoughts in the comment section. In this blog I will tell your about our Bihar Culture, Customary, History and so many things about Bihar.Now i am starting on this topic.
                           
                                                       About Bihar
 
The ancient name of Bihar was "Vihara" which means monastery. It is the land of Mahavira and Budha. It is located in the eastern part of India. It is the 13th largest state, with an area of 94,163 km2 (36,357 sq mi) and the 3rd largest by population; its population is the fastest-growing of any state. Bihar also has a vast forest land that covers an area of 6,764 km2.  The state is bordered by Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal in the east and west respectively along with Jharkhand in the south. Its northern region is bound by the country of Nepal.The Bihar plain is divided into two parts by the river Ganges which flows from west to east. This state is linguistically potent too as several languages are spoken here, like the Bhojpuri, Maithili, Magahi, Bajjika and Angika, of which only Maithili is recognized by the government of India. . Hindi and Urdu are the official languages of the State. In 2000, southern Bihar was separated from Bihar to form the new state of Jharkhand.
Patna is the capital of Bihar which was earlier called Pataliputra.It is a city of political and economic importance.There are 38 districts in this state. Bihar became the epicenter of power, culture and learning under the rule of some of the greatest emperors of India, namely Samudragupta, Chandragupta Maurya, Vikramaditya and Asoka. It was also home to the two great centers of learning at that time, Vikramshila and Nalanda University. Nalanda and Vikramashila were established in the 5th and 8th century respectively in Bihar, and are counted as amongst the oldest international universities of the time. Even today one can find several ancient monuments all over Bihar which are a living proof of the state's 3,000 years old history; these monuments are visited by millions and millions of tourists all over the world. There are so so many tourist places in Bihar Golghar,Rajgir TaraMandal, Mahabodhi Temple etc.The Mahabodhi Temple which is located in this state has been declared as a heritage site by the UNESCO.